Electrochemical gradient Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Chapter 03 Testbank Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. In biological systems, energy can be stored as A. potential energy. B. kinetic energy. C. heat. D. mechanical energy. E. All of the answers are correct. 2. According to the first and second laws of thermodynamics A. energy flows spontaneously from systems with high free energy to systems with low free energy in a series of step-by- step transformations. B. the quantity of energy i...

cell membrane phospholipids outer vs inner leaflets Outer Leaflet: C-E-Sphi PhospatidylCholine, PhosphatidylEthanolamine, Sphingomyelin Inner Leaflet: S-I PhosphatidylSerine, PhosphatidylInositol cell membrane major lipoprotein source of cholesterol LDL INTERCELLULLAR STRUCTURES Disk-shaped; For tight intercellular adhesion found in?? Macula Adherens (Desmosomes) think STAPLER wires! epithelium INTERCELLULLAR STRUCTURES • Ring-shaped • increases surface a...

Module 2- Microbiology Portage Learning Questions and Answers 100% Pass cellular metabolism a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life Enzymes a protein, or group of proteins, that speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions Cofactors a small chemical component, usually metal ions, that assist and regulate enzymes during the catalysis reactions. enzymes break down proteins into what: amino acids enzymes break down lipids into what: glycerrol/fatty ac...

Chaperone Protein - correct answer Proteins that facilitate proper folding and inhibits the formation of nonfunctional aggregates Signal Sequence - correct answer Facilitates transmembrane proteins to enter the endomembrane system by docking at the rough ER Chemiosmosis - correct answer A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme. During the initiation of muscle contraction, mysosin binds actin after troponin binds to ...

Compartmentalization correct answers The segregation of functions into different compartments; in the cell, increases the efficiency of chemical reactions Lipid correct answers Any organic molecule that is poorly soluble or virtually insoluble in water but is soluble in nonpolar organic solvents; make up the membranes of cells Membrane correct answers Made of either phospholipids or phospholipids and sterols; often bilayers with polar head group facing outside from hydrophobic tails Per...

GMS-6440 Medical Physiology Exam 1 Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024 What chemical component of the plasma membrane prevents ions from readily and freely moving across the membrane? - answerLipids (phospholipids) Where is the concentration of [K+] greater? - answerIn the cytoplasm Across a cell's plasma membrane, movemen of water is a ___________ event. - answerPassive through a channel. Where is the concentration of [Na+] greater? - answerIn the extracellular fluid. For a neutra...

Glucose is absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into epithelial cells. Explain how the transport of sodium ions is involved in the absorption of glucose by epithelial cells. (5 marks) [Unit 1, June 16] : 1. Na+ ions leave epithelial cell and enter blood; 2. (Transport out is by) active transport / pump / via carrier protein using ATP; 3. So, Na+ conc. in cell is lower than in lumen (of gut); 4. Sodium/Na+ ions enter by FACILITATED diffusion; 5. Glucose absorbed with Na+ ions a...

The absolute refractory period occurs because _______ channels cannot be opened, and the relative refractory period occurs because _______. - voltage-gated Na+; voltage-gated K+ channels remain open Dendritic spines serve to - increase the surface area of the dendrite Many ion channels are not normally open but must be gated or opened by some event. Which of the following is NOT an example of an event that typically results in opening/closing an ion channel? - Enzymatic reactions Neural...

A&P Exam 4 Homework1. Graded potentials are produced within the _____ segment of a neuron. - correct answer Receptive Graded potentials result from the opening of _____ - correct answer Ligand-gated channels An inhibitory postsynaptic potential results from the opening of _____ - correct answer Potassium and/or chloride channels Indicate the summative effect that brings the initial segment closest to threshold - correct answer Two EPSPs in proximity to each other When voltage-gated s...

Which of the following statements is true for phospholipids and sphingolipids? - Both have an amphiphatic organization Why is cholesterol able to integrate into a lipid bilayer? - Because it prevents the dense packing of phospholipids Which of the following statement best describes how bacteria in a hot spring control the fluidity of their plasma membrane? - They increase the percentage of lipids with unsaturated hydrocarbon chains in their plasma membrane. Which activity can only be do...